What abnormality is frequently observed in the airway remodeling process?

The remodeling of the airway, particularly in conditions like asthma, is characterized by several structural changes that contribute to the pathology of the disease. An increased number of goblet cells is a commonly observed abnormality during airway remodeling. Goblet cells are responsible for producing mucus, and their proliferation leads to excessive mucus secretion. This increased mucus production can result in airway obstruction and contributes to the symptoms experienced by patients.

In the context of airway remodeling, the increase in goblet cells is associated with inflammation and irritation often seen in chronic respiratory conditions. This phenomenon highlights the relationship between ongoing inflammation in the airways and the adaptive (but maladaptive) changes that occur, which include hyperplasia of goblet cells and increased mucus production. Understanding this relationship is crucial for managing diseases like asthma, where controlling inflammation can help mitigate airway remodeling and its consequences.