What antibody is most associated with renal disease in SLE?

The antibody most closely associated with renal disease in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA). This antibody is a specific marker for SLE and is particularly associated with renal involvement, specifically lupus nephritis. The presence of anti-dsDNA antibodies correlates strongly with disease activity and flares, especially when they coincide with renal manifestations.

In SLE, the kidneys can be significantly affected, leading to inflammation and glomerulonephritis, which can result in serious complications if not monitored and treated appropriately. Anti-dsDNA antibodies are not only indicative of the presence of the disease but are also used as a prognostic indicator for renal complications, thus making them a key focus in the management of SLE patients.

The other antibodies mentioned, such as IgA and antihistone, have different associations within SLE or other conditions. For instance, antihistone antibodies are typically associated with drug-induced lupus, while IgA antibodies do not have a direct link to renal disease in the context of SLE. CD63 is a surface marker involved in immune cell activation but is not an antibody associated with SLE or its renal manifestations. This highlights the specificity of anti-dsDNA