What is the predominant inflammatory cell in COPD, contrasting with asthma?

In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the predominant inflammatory cell is the neutrophil. This distinguishes COPD from asthma, where eosinophils are typically the dominant inflammatory cells. Neutrophils are primarily involved in the body's response to chronic irritants, such as cigarette smoke and environmental pollutants, which are common triggers in COPD. Their activation leads to tissue damage and the characteristic airflow limitation associated with the disease.

In contrast to COPD, asthma involves a more complex inflammatory process generally dominated by eosinophils, which contribute to the hyperresponsiveness and obstruction seen in asthma. The predominance of neutrophils in COPD reflects a more chronic inflammatory response characterized by mucus hypersecretion, airway remodeling, and destruction of lung parenchyma. Understanding these cellular differences is crucial for recognizing the pathophysiology of these respiratory conditions and tailoring appropriate therapeutic strategies.