What monoclonal therapy agents can cause reactivation of tuberculosis?

The correct choice is associated with anti-TNFα antibodies and TNFα receptor antibodies, which are known to potentially reactivate latent tuberculosis infections. Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNFα) plays a crucial role in the immune response to mycobacterial infections, including tuberculosis. By inhibiting TNFα, these monoclonal antibody treatments can weaken the host's immune response, allowing latent tuberculosis infections to become active.

Patients undergoing treatment with these agents require careful screening for tuberculosis prior to starting therapy, as the likelihood of reactivation can increase significantly if pre-existing infections are not identified and managed. This is why an understanding of TNFα’s role in immune defense specifically against tuberculosis is vital for any healthcare provider looking to implement these therapies.

The other options do not have the same strong association with tuberculosis reactivation. Anti-IL-6, anti-IL-1, and IL-12 receptor antagonists have not been shown to have a significant effect on the reactivation of tuberculosis in the same manner as TNFα inhibitors. Therefore, while they may carry their own risks and side effects, they are not directly linked to the risk of activating latent tuberculosis infections.