What symptoms are typically associated with anti-synthetase syndrome in dermatomyositis or polymyositis?

Anti-synthetase syndrome is characterized by a combination of symptoms that include myositis (muscle inflammation) and arthritis (joint inflammation). Patients often present with proximal muscle weakness, which is a hallmark of myositis, alongside joint pain and swelling. This syndrome is commonly associated with specific autoantibodies that target aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, leading to a distinctive clinical picture.

In the context of dermatomyositis or polymyositis, myositis and arthritis together encapsulate the key manifestations of the anti-synthetase syndrome. The presence of both muscle and joint symptoms is reflective of the autoimmune processes affecting the tissues involved. Other symptoms associated with the syndrome may include interstitial lung disease, but the primary features highlighted are indeed arthritis and myositis.

While the other listed options might present in various diseases, they do not capture the essence of anti-synthetase syndrome as comprehensively as arthritis and myositis do. For instance, chest pain and fever often indicate systemic infections or other conditions, whereas fatigue and night sweats can be seen in myriad diseases, including malignancies or infections. Rash and joint swelling may be indicative of autoimmune conditions but are not as specific to anti-synthetase syndrome