What transcription factor is needed to transcribe IFN-γ regulated genes?

The transcription factor required to transcribe IFN-γ regulated genes is STAT1. Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) signaling primarily activates the JAK-STAT pathway. When IFN-γ binds to its receptor, it activates the associated Janus kinases (JAKs), which in turn phosphorylate STAT1. Phosphorylated STAT1 then forms homodimers and translocates to the nucleus, where it binds to specific DNA sequences in the regulatory regions of target genes, leading to their transcription.

In the context of immune responses, IFN-γ is a crucial cytokine produced by T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, playing a significant role in regulating antiviral responses and enhancing the adaptive immune system. STAT1 is essential for mediating these effects by regulating genes involved in antimicrobial responses, cytokine signaling, and the overall immune response.

The other transcription factors listed do play important roles in various signaling pathways and gene regulation, but they are not specifically activated by IFN-γ in the same manner as STAT1. This specificity makes STAT1 the correct choice for this question regarding the transcription of IFN-γ regulated genes.