Which autoinflammatory syndrome has attacks that can last upward of weeks?

The autoinflammatory syndrome characterized by prolonged attacks lasting upward of weeks is TRAPS, or Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Associated Periodic Syndrome. This condition is noted for its recurrent episodes of fever and systemic inflammation, which can persist for extended periods, sometimes even several weeks. Patients typically experience symptoms such as fever, abdominal pain, and skin rashes, with attacks varying in frequency and intensity.

TRAPS is caused by mutations that affect the tumor necrosis factor receptor, leading to dysregulation of the inflammatory response. This accounts for the duration and severity of the episodes, distinguishing it from other autoinflammatory syndromes that typically feature shorter, more predictable attacks.

In contrast, Familial Mediterranean fever is associated with shorter attacks usually lasting 1 to 3 days. Hyper-IgD syndrome also presents with episodes, but these tend to be much shorter in duration. Cold urticaria is primarily an allergic reaction to cold temperatures rather than a systemic inflammatory condition, with reactions typically resolving more quickly once the trigger is removed. These distinctions illustrate why TRAPS is the correct answer, as it clearly aligns with the characteristic of prolonged attack duration.