Which cytokines are crucial for the function of regulatory T cells (Tregs)?

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a vital role in maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing excessive immune responses, including autoimmunity. The cytokines that are crucial for the function of Tregs include IL-10 and TGFβ.

IL-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine produced by Tregs that serves to inhibit the activation of other immune cells, thereby contributing to the suppression of inflammatory responses. This function is particularly important in controlling processes like autoimmunity and ensuring that immune responses do not become harmful to the host.

TGFβ is another cytokine produced by Tregs that is essential for their development and function. It not only promotes the differentiation of naïve T cells into Tregs but also supports the suppressive functions of existing Tregs. TGFβ plays a critical role in tissue repair, regulation of inflammation, and prevention of inflammatory responses.

Together, IL-10 and TGFβ are fundamental to the immunosuppressive functions of Tregs, enabling them to maintain tolerance and modulate immune responses effectively. This is why the choice highlighting IL-10 and TGFβ as crucial cytokines is accurate in relation to the role of regulatory T cells.