Which treatment option is often utilized for aggressive systemic mastocytosis?

Imatinib is an important treatment option for aggressive systemic mastocytosis, particularly when there is a mutation in the KIT gene, which is commonly associated with this condition. This medication is a targeted therapy that works by inhibiting specific tyrosine kinases, which play a critical role in cell signaling pathways that promote mast cell proliferation and survival. In aggressive systemic mastocytosis, where there is significant activation and proliferation of mast cells, imatinib can decrease the burden of mast cells and improve symptoms related to mast cell mediator release.

The other options may have relevance in treating other forms of mastocytosis or related conditions, but they are not as specific or effective for aggressive systemic mastocytosis as imatinib. Corticosteroids can reduce inflammation and manage symptoms but do not address the underlying proliferation of mast cells effectively. Omalizumab is used primarily for allergic asthma and other allergic conditions, not for treating mastocytosis. Hydroxyurea is sometimes used as a cytoreductive agent in hematological disorders but is not the first-line treatment for aggressive systemic mastocytosis and does not target the underlying pathophysiology as effectively as imatinib.